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We propose to investigate the coupling between particle acceleration and the dynamic response
of the lower solar atmosphere to the energy input during flares. We propose a combined kinetic-
particle and hydrodynamic simulation, and analysis of observations from different wavelengths.
This work directly addresses the ``Focused Science Topic (a) Flare Dynamics in the Lower
Solar Atmosphere" in the 2011 LWS TR&T solicitation. We seek answers to the following
Compelling Science Questions:
1. What is the fundamental mechanism that accelerate particles in solar flares?
2. How does the lower solar atmosphere, particularly the chromosphere, respond to the impulsive
energy input?
3. How are the particle acceleration and atmospheric response coupled together and affect each
other?
Answering these questions will enable us to constrain the acceleration mechanism, understand
the process of evaporation and seismic wave generation. The major strengths of the proposed
work lie in our expertise in particle acceleration and the unique
contribution this will provide for the LWS focused science topic, and our past experience in the
coupling between acceleration and hydrodynamic response.
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Current Version: 3.1 (04/16/2014) 
